Studies
Measuring Oxidative Stress and TBARS Testing Criticism
The TBARS blood test for measuring oxidative stress has been widely criticized.
Thiobarbituric reactive substances test (TBARS) is the most prevalent test for lipid peroxidation. However, it is widely criticized due to lack of consistency and its reliance on a single aldehyde, MDA, as an oxidative stress marker.
Download PDF: Oxidative stress in critical care: Is antioxidant supplementation beneficial?
Benefits of Antioxidant Supplements
In a controlled study, antioxidant supplements showed reduction in pain and oxidative stress in patients with chronic pancreatitis. This study and others included here help show the benefits of antioxidant supplements in various clinical studies. The clinical evidence points to the benefits of specific antioxidant supplements for select disease states.
Exhaled Breath Analysis: Lowering Oxidative Stress
A Review of Clinical Applications to Determine Oxidative Stress
Medical diagnostics are powerful tools that help clinicians distinguish health from various disease states, and even have the potential to predict future outcomes. Breath assessment has been used since classical Greek times to assist in medical diagnosis, but recently has benefited from major technological advances in chemical assay methods.
Effect of aldehydes derived from oxidative deamination and oxidative stress on b-amyloid aggregation; pathological implications to Alzheimer’s disease
Summary Formaldehyde and methylglyoxal are generated via deamination from methylamine and aminoacetone respectively catalyzed by semicarbazide- sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) are end products of lipid peroxidation due to oxidative stress. These aldehydes are capable of inducing protein cross-linkage. Elevated levels of aldehydes were found in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These reactive metabolites may potentially play important roles in b-amyloid (Ab) aggregation related to the pathology of AD. In the present study thioflavin-T (ThT) fluorometry, an immuno-dot-blot assay and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to reveal the effect of aldehydes on Ab aggregation in vitro. The target on Ab for interaction with formaldehyde was identified. The results support the involvement of endogenous aldehydes in amyloid deposition related to AD.
Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS, e.g. nitric oxide, NO) are well recognised for playing a dual role as both deleterious and beneficial species. ROS and RNS are normally generated by tightly regulated enzymes, such as NO synthase (NOS) and NAD(P)H oxidase isoforms, respectively. Overproduction of ROS (arising either from mitochondrial electron transport chain or excessive stimulation of NAD(P)H) results in oxidative stress, a deleterious process that can be an important mediator of damage to cell structures, including lipids and membranes, proteins, and DNA.
Postprandial Lipid Oxidation and Cardiovascular Disease Risk
A mild pro-oxidative state accompanies meal ingestion, which results in an increase in biomarkers of inflammation, adhesion, and endothelial dysfunction, all of which are factors in the development of cardiovascular disease. Both fat and carbohydrate can cause the effect, which is additive and exacerbated by diabetes. The presence of lipid, glucose, and cholesterol oxidation products of dietary or endogenous origin may contribute to postprandial oxidative stress. However, the generation of excess superoxide due to abundant energy substrate after the meal may be a predominate factor resulting in oxidative stress and a decrease in nitric oxide, which is important to endothelial function. Remediation of postprandial oxidative stress through direct reduction of superoxide generation and simultaneous consumption of antioxidants with each meal should be a focus of future research.
